From the Bottom Up – A DIY Guide to Wicking Beds

Rob Avis is Director of Verge Permaculture.

Wicking beds are a unique and increasingly popular way to grow vegetables. They are self-contained raised beds with built-in reservoirs that supply water from the bottom up – changing how, and how much, you water your beds. In this article, we’ll talk about how wicking beds work and why we love them. We’ll also show you some great examples and leave you with ideas and instructions for creating your own.

How Wicking Beds Work

A wick works through capillary action – the same force you observe when you dip a piece of tissue paper partially into a glass of water and watch the water climb the paper. Wicking occurs in many materials; cotton, wool, geo-textile, soil, gravel and even wood to some degree. Every material has different wicking properties which you can test by placing that material into a glass of water and watching the water “climb” up. When one end of the wick is saturated and the other end is dry, it creates a moisture gradient, which drives the wick until the gradient no longer exists or you run out of water.

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Scholarship for courses run by the Permaculture Research Institute of Greece

The A.G. Leventis Foundation recently granted The  Permaculture Research Institute of Greece with funding to help underprivileged Greek nationals to take courses in permaculture design.

The A.G. Leventis Foundation was established in May 1979 as a result of provisions made by Anastasios G. Leventis, who died in October 1978. Anastasios Leventis, was born in Cyprus in 1902, he established one of the largest companies in West Africa and from 1966 served as Cyprus’ honorary Ambassador and Permanent Delegate to UNESCO. From the beginning, the aim of the Foundation was to support educational, cultural, artistic and philanthropic causes in Cyprus, Greece and elsewhere. The A.G. Leventis Foundation lays special emphasis on the financing of programmes concerning the protection of the environment and it is a great honour for The Permaculture Research Institute of Hellas to have been entrusted with their support.

If you wish to apply for this scholarship please chose from one of our upcoming courses on our website (there will be more to come!) and apply using the scholarship application form.

Greeks reclaim the land to ease the pain of economic austerity

A group of community-minded gardeners have turned a former Athens airport into a blooming vegetable plot, showing how Greece’s eroded soil holds the keys to a revival in farming and a way to buck the jobless trend.

‘If we want to survive on this land we must first help to heal the earth,’ said Nicola Netién, agro-ecologist, teacher and co-creator of the NGO Permaculture Research Institute Hellas. He was talking to a group of some fifty people of all ages who had gathered for two days of workshops on self-sufficiency, how to self-organize, agro-ecology and composting. This small gathering was taking place on a beautifully sunny autumn day at the former Athens airport, Ellinikon.

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Weeds or Wild Nature?

http://www.holmgren.com.au/ 

The following article was published in the Permaculture International Journal in 1997 (issue 61) provides an indication of the ideas which are further developed in other writings in Permaculture: Principles & Pathways Beyond Sustainability and which is the subject of the new book being researched.
If you reproduce or quote this article please credit the author and PIJ as original publication source.

The permaculture movement’s development since from its conceptual origins (1) in the 1970′s has been closely connected to Landcare and revegetation. The primary agenda of the movement has been to assist people to become more self reliant through the design and development of productive and sustainable gardens and farms. The design principles which are the conceptual foundation of permaculture were derived from the science of systems ecology (2) and study of pre-industrial examples of sustainable land use. They suggested agricultural systems needed fundamental redesign rather than fine tuning. A much greater role for trees and other perennial plants to stabilise the landscape and provide for human needs was one of the cornerstones of the permaculture strategy. From one perspective, permaculture is a revegetation strategy.

The initial permaculture vision involved forests of “useful” species planted in arrays to mimic natural systems. Although food species dominate the strategy for intensive (zone1&2) systems, in more broadacre areas fibre, animal fodder and timber along with passive environment functions are the appropriate “uses” of revegetation. My revegetation manual3 concentrates on these broadacre landscapes and functions of revegetation. What identifies it as permaculture is the design system approach and the integration of the productive and environmental functions of farm landscapes.

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Donkeys: an asset for Transition

Appropriate technology is an ideological movement generally recognized as encompassing technological choice and application that is small scale, labor intensive, energy efficient, environmentally sound and locally controlled. Appropriate technology movements can be found in both developing and developed countries. In developed countries, the appropriate technology movement grew out of the energy crisis of the 1970s and focuses mainly on environmental and sustainability issues. In a world of depleting oil resources it is more than probable that sooner rather than later humans will be obliged to rely on the use of animal  power once again for their transport and their work needs.  Of course, animals are not much use in an office, but when it comes to growing your own food or using affordable and reliable transport, some animals, in this case donkeys, merit our attention.  `

Even though the use of donkeys has been synonymous with backwardness, underdevelopment and low status, nowadays development professionals must recognize donkey use and management as an appropriate technology for people with minimal or depleting resources.

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Permaculture: A Quiet Revolution — An Interview with Bill Mollison

Bill Mollison calls himself a field biologist and itinerant teacher. But it would be more accurate to describe him as an instigator. When he published Permaculture One in 1978, he launched an international land-use movement many regard as subversive, even revolutionary.

Permaculture — from permanent and agriculture — is an integrated design philosophy that encompasses gardening, architecture, horticulture, ecology, even money management and community design. The basic approach is to create sustainable systems that provide for their own needs and recycle their waste.

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Regenerative agriculture a solution for the incoming food crisis

Part 1: Soil loss

Soil loss is one of the most important, yet probably the least well-known of today’s environmental problems.

The vast majority of human food comes from cropland, which is shrinking by more than 10 million hectares a year due to soil erosion, (this represents 75 billions tons of soil), while more people than ever before are malnourished. It takes 500 years for the natural process to form 25mm of topsoil. The minimal soil depth for agricultural production is 150 mm.

As a result of erosion over the past 40 years, 30 percent of the world’s arable land has become unproductive. caused by human activities such as deforestation, intensive chemical farm practices and industrial development development.
About 60 percent of soil that is washed away ends up in rivers, streams and lakes, making waterways more prone to flooding and to contamination from fertilizers and pesticides.
Soil erosion also reduces the ability of soil to store water and support plant growth, thereby reducing its ability to support biodiversity.

Finally, soil erosion promotes critical losses of water, nutrients, organic matter and soil biota, harming forests, rangelands and natural ecosystems.

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Small really is beautiful!

It has only been 2 weeks since I have been back from Zaytuna Farm and although I miss it terribly at least I got back to Greece to find that my permaculture interest had rubbed off on my Mother! Our tiny pebbled garden (it was pebbled before I left for Australia in January) has been transformed into a microcosm of veggies, veggies and more veggies! On just 70 square metres and interspersed among our 3 baby olive trees, 5 lemon trees, 2 lime trees and our precious little pomegranate tree she has planted the following since February! : tomatoes, broccoli, cauliflower, 4 types of lettuces, cabbage,capsicums, eggplants, cucumbers, 2 types of courgettes, corn, onions, 5 types of basil, 2 types of spinach, broad beans, artichokes, rocket, Swiss chard, lemongrass , molochia, aloe vera, chilli, celery, parsley, dill, bay leaf and rosemary.  Using nothing but goat poo for fertilizer and her tender loving care she has transformed what once was a pretty useless space into a wonderfully productive and organic kitchen garden.  It is a great example of how much we can grow in a confined space! Much to my dismay Mum has not bothered to weigh any of the produce, but I’ve only been here 2 weeks and hand on my heart I have witnessed at least 7 kilos of harvested cucumbers, and they are still going!

What I love the most about this miniature Garden of Eden is the way she has taken full advantage of space.  Below is just example of how she has done this.  Using our hardy palm tree as a support frame, she nailed in  2 nails and wrapped a rope around them so that the tomatoes can climb up against it! I asked her if this damages the palm tree and she said no because the outer bark of the palm dries up and eventually falls off taking the nails with it and leaving undamaged bark underneath.

But the same principle can be applied on any other tree where nails would damage it just by using a bit of rubber hose and threading the rope through the hose so that the rope won’t cut into the bark.  I made a little demonstration just to show you : ) and photographed it below.

So don’t ever let anyone tell you that your garden is too small!  There are hundreds of  ingenious ways to make the most of your confined space and I think Anastasia’s garden  proves it!